Offices, where the occupancy assumption is now wrong in most buildings.
Office energy modelling has not caught up with how offices are used. A building conditioned for a five-day, nine-to-five occupancy that is genuinely full two or three days a week is heating and cooling empty floors, and the base load frequently barely moves between a Tuesday and a Saturday.
That makes offices the best current candidates for recommissioning rather than capital. Schedules, setbacks, zone-level control and ventilation rates tied to actual occupancy rather than design occupancy will usually beat any equipment measure on the list.
Where the building sits in Toronto or Montreal there is a reporting obligation attached as well, and the benchmark score is increasingly something tenants ask for during lease negotiation rather than something the owner files and forgets.
An ASHRAE Level 2 assessment with occupancy-corrected measures and a benchmark score.
Office owners, asset managers and tenant representatives.